https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0278591924001613
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) exosomes are small, extracellular vesicles that mediate intercellular communication.
MSC exosomes may be a treatment option for patients with orthopedic conditions like knee osteoarthritis but currently there are scientific, regulatory and manufacturing hurdles restricting exosome use in the United States.
Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulates exosomes as a drug, and since there is no current FDA approval, clinicians are restricted from using exosomes in every day medical practice in the USA.
